What is acne. Prevention of acne. Treatment of acne (Medical and Home)?

 

Acne or Acne vulgaris is skin disease which

affects 100 million or more people in the

world. It is called acne vulgaris because it

brings dark spots, scars, marks with itself.

Acne commonly develops during puberty

or in teenage. It tend to develope on face,

back, shoulder, chest and neck. About 3 in

every 4 people gets acne when they are

aged 11 to 30.

WHAT IS ACNE?

 Acne is chronic, inflammatory skin disease

which can result in whiteheads,

blackheads,pimple, nodules and cysts. If we

do not take proper care acne will end up in

 scarring which will be a double

punishment to patients.

        As we all know that we have pores in

our skin which are attached to sebaceous

glands under beneath the skin. These are

the glands which are responsible for

production of oil known as sebum. Sebum

carries all the dead skin cell through the

follicles (channel between skin pores and

sebaceous glands). It is also called as hair

follicle because small hair grow through

follicle out of the skin. These dead skin cells

gets carried away with sebum in sufrace of

the skin, that is where the probleme starts.

pimples and cyst began to develops

 follicles gets blocked by dead skin cells. The
 build up of oil starts to increase beneath

the skin. Dead skin cells, sebum and hair

can clump into a plug. This plug gets

infected with bacteria, when this plug brust

or breakdown due to pressure of oil it will

develope pimple or cyst. The bacteria

which infected these plugs are known

as Propionibacterium acnes.

 CAUSES OF ACNE?

 There are so many factors which causes or

triggers acne but increase in the level of

androgens (Harmones) is the common

factor. Androgen level increases in age of

puberty and in women androgen gets

converted into estrogen.

             Rising in the level of androgen

causes these oil glands to grow beneath the

skin. These glands than produce excessive

oil and result in rupturing cell wall of the

pores where bacteria grow.

 The diffrent factors which plays role in
causing acne are :- 

1. GENES

2. MEDICINES WHICH POSSES ANDROGEN  OR  LITHIUM

3. EMOTIONAL STRESS

4. HORMONAL IMBALANCE

5. MENSTRUATION

6. GREASY COSMETICS

TYPES OF ACNE?

There are diffrent types of acne depending
upon size, colour and pain.

 1. WHITEHEADS: These are small and remain under the skin.

2. BLACKHEADS: These appear on the surface of the skin and are clearly visible. They are black in apperance.

3. PAPULES: These are small and pinkish in apperance and are present on the surface of the skin.

4. PUSTULES: These are big as compared to papules, red in colour and having a lump of pus at their top

5. NODULES: These are red, hard, painfull type of acne and they are clearly visible on the skin.

6. CYSTS: These are red, painfull, filled with pus. Cyst acne is the major cause of acne scarring.

PREVENTION OF ACNE?

 Well here are some prevention which can defeat acne easily.

1. Wash your face two times a day with lukewarm waker and mild soap.

2. The second major cause of acne is strees and anxiety because it increases the production of  adrenaline which can fasten your acne. So avoid strees and anxiety as much as you can.

3. Avoid touching your face.

4. Avoid popping of pimples or cysts as it can spread the bacteria to healthy skin as well. Popping of pimples or cysts also result in scarring.

5. Avoid oil based products and choose that makeup which is good for sensative skin. Always remove makeup before sleeping.

 

 6. Avoid sun exposure because it can cause the skin to produce more sebum oil. Use sunscreen when going out at day.

7. Always soften the skin and beard with luke warm water before shaving.

8. Exfoliate your skin once in a week as it will remove your dead skin cells.

9. Clean your goggles or spectacles before using them as they collet sebum and skin residue.

10. Try to keep cool and dry in hot climate to control sweating.

MEDICAL TREATMENTS OF ACNE

 There are various kinds of treatments available in medical fields to cure acne.

Treatments depends upon severity of acne

   FOR MILD ACNE :-

1. RESORCINOL: Helps breakdown of blackheads and whiteheads.

2. BENZOYL PEROXIDE: It helps to kill the bacteria, multiply growth in new skin cells and decrease s production of sebum.

3. SALICYLIC ACID: It helps reducing in swelling and inflammation.

4. RETINA A: It increases cell turnover which clears follicle from skin cell debris.

  FOR MODERATE TO SEVERE ACNE :- 

1. CORTICOSTEROIDS INJECTION: Corticosteroid is injected by a dermatologist in highly inflamed cysts. This will reduce inflammation and speed up healing.

2. ORAL ANTIBIOTICS: Oral antibiotics are given to patients for at least six months. Oral antibiotics kill and control the population of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria, erythromycin and tetracycline are some oral antibiotics.

3.TOPICAL ANTIMICROBIAL: Topical antimicrobial are basically lotions or gels which kill p. acne bacteria present in cysts. These topicals are very strong and may not suit with highly sensative skin. Adpalene, Tazarotene are some examples of topical antimicrobial.

4. ISOTRETINOIN: Isotretinoin are very strong as well these are given to those patients whose acne did not get better with upper given medicines. It kills the bacteria and speed up healing process but it will take time.

5. PHOTOPNEUMATIC LASERS: Photopneumatic  lasers are used to kill the bacteria present beneath the cyst basically it is an intense pulsed laser which remove excess oil and dead skin cells from clogged pores. It has a very less downtime and works fast. It is expensive as well.

 HOME REMIDIES FOR ACNE :- 

Well if you are allergic to topicals or dont want to dent your pocket, No probleme we got your cover. Here are some home remidies which can cure acne just like these medical treatment with no side effects.

1. LEMON JUICE: As we all know lemon has an acidic nature because of citric acid and it can be very fruitfull for treating acne. Lemon helps to clean clogged pores by removing excess oil and debris of dead skin cells.

2. TOOTHPASTE: Yes you heard it right! toothpaste reduces swelling and dry out pimple. You can use it daily before sleeping.

3. MULTANI MITTI OR FULLER'S EARTH: Multani mitti is a very effective home remedie for curing acne as it will soak all the all from pores and dry your pimple in no time.

4. ALOE VERA GEL: Aloe vera gel is a natural antibiotic which helps in reducing inflammation and killing of bacteria in cysts.

5. PATATO PEELS: Patato peels are vey rich source of carbohydrate. When patato peels are applied to acne effected skin the juice present in the patato peels clears and exfoliate skin.

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